bennett



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

G. W. 85 H. S. BENNETT.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

Patented Feb. 18, 1896.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. W. 85 H. S. BENNETT.

(Np Model) HOT AIR FURNACE.

Patented Feb. 18, 1896.

INYBNIUR 5 WIINE 5 55 5 ANDREW B GRAHAM. PHOTO-LITHCLWASHIN GTON 11c 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

' G. W. 8: H. S. BENNETT.

' HOT AIR FURNACE.

No. 554,856. Patented Feb, 18, 1896.

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HOT AIR FURNACE.

No. 554,856. Patented Feb. 18, 1896.

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INYEINIIURS fluwfis. M W- fialw 5am UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W. BENNETT AND HORATIO S. BENNETT, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE BENNETT FURNACE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,856, dated February 18, 1896.

Application filed May 16, 1895. Serial No. 549,510. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, GEORGE W. BENNETT and HORATIO S. BENNETT, citizens of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain 'new and useful Improvements in Hot-Air Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Our invention relates to that class of furnaces used for heating houses, stores, 850., in which either hard or soft coal or gas may be burned; and it consists essentially of a construction designed to increase the heating capacity of the device, with other improvements in the radiator and various flues, all as hereinafter fully set forth and claimed.

The object of our improvement is to provide a furnace of the class designated above, which utilizes the heat emanating from the burning fuel to a greater extent than other furnaces by increasing its radiating power. The peculiar construction of this furnace with its adjuncts renders it both durable and economical in the extreme. It is a wellknown fact that heat thrown off from a convex surface is more fervent than that radiated from a flat or concave surface, and our furnace has been constructed with this idea constantly in View. This device provides for the best possible use of hot and cold air currents at the points where the same can be utilized to the best advantage by meansofflues, dampers, deflector and reverse plates, and, lastly, by combining a vent-flue with the smoke-flue cold air is removed from the house, thus producing a continuous circulation and relieving the fire from excessive draft.

That our invention may be seen and fully understood by those skilled in the art reference will be had to the following specification and annexed drawings forming a part thereof, in which Figure 1 is a front View of our furnace, part of the outer casing being broken away to show the front air-pipes; Fig. 2, a front view of the upper section of the furnace proper, showing the air-flue in the bottom of the feedbox; Fig. 3, a vertical section of said furnace from front to rear; Fig. 4, a plan View of the perforated deflector-plate Fig. 5, a vertical section of the furnace from side to side, looking toward the front; Fig. 6, a plan view of the base; and Fig. 7, a horizontal section through the radiator on lines a; m, Fig. 3, looking downward.

Similar letters and figures designate like parts in the drawings and specification.

It will be understood that this furnace rests over a sub-surface air-chamber into which the cold-air duct opens like any ordinary heater of this kind, and the air from said chamber rises between the outer and inner shells or casings of the same.

The annular base 1 supports both the furnace proper or inner shell, A, of iron and the outer casing, B, of sheet-metal. The base 1 is of an open-work construction between the shell A and the casing B to admit air freely through the same, and is provided with the shouldered rings 2 2 to receive the bases of the front air-pipes 3 3. 1

The shell A consists preferably of the three sections 4, 5, and 6, although more or less than this number may be employed. The sections 4 and 5 are cylindrical in form while the section 6 is dome-shaped. The sections 4, 5, and 6 are connected together by outside flanges, the location of said flanges being such as to prevent them from becoming destroyed by the intense interior heat, as often occurs when they are on the inside. The deflectorplate 7 having the slots 7 and the central .opening 8, rests upon the lugs 6 at the top of the section 6, and may be removed by turning it until said slots register with said lugs. The center of the plate 7 is slightly elevated above the plane of its periphery The radiator O surmounts the shell A and is oval in shape. The radiator O is provided with the four air-pipes 9, which form fli'ies opening above and below said radiator outside of the shell A. The pipes 9 are integral with the radiator O and have roundedcorners to prevent the cracking of the parts at those points and also to increase the power of radiation. The three reverse-plates 10 depend from the top of the radiator 0 inside and extend between the pipes 9 on the rear and sides. The plates 10 are detachable through the medium of the supporting-hooks 10 and the radiator-lugs 10 The casing B has the feed-door 11, the slide 12, and the ash-door 13 on the front, with the fines 14 at the top, which convey the hot air to the different parts of the building. The feed-box 15 extends between the section 6 and the front of the casing 13 back of the door 11 and forms a passage for the fuel. The box 15 has the false bottom 16 raised above the floor of said box by the turn-down sides 17 17. The bars 18, depending from the rear end ofthe bottom 16, serve to prevent coal from lodging in the flue 19 formed by said bottom and the floor of the box 15. The fine 19 opens over the top of the fire and ad mits air directly over and through the same, thus enhancing combustion. The slide 12 governs the supply of air received through the flue 19. The ash-box20 extends from the ash-pit section at to the casing B, back of the door 13, and does not materially differ from other ash-boxes.

It frequently happens that that part of the furnace proper between the feed-box and ashbox burns out, because there is no circulation of air at that point, since said air rises perpendicularly from the sub-surface chamher on each side of said boxes. To overcome the defect just mentioned the pipes 3 are employed to convey cold air into and through the space between the boxes 15 and 20, and our furnace is as durable at this particular place as elsewhere, while the heat therein generated is utilized instead of being practically wasted, as would otherwise occur.

The directdraft pipe 32 opens into the rear of the radiator C and communicates with the pipe 33, while the indirect-draft pipe134 opens into said radiator below said pipe 32, extends downward nearly to the base 1, and connects withthe bottom of said pipe 33. The pipe 32 ishorizontal and has the damper 35 therein operated bythe weight 36 and achain or cord. (Not shown in the drawings.) The damper 35 is normally held in a closed position by the weight 36, and the stop 37 is placed on the inside of the pipe 32 to limit the rotary movement of said damper. Otherwise said weight would be liable to turn the damper too far, thus leaving it open a little. The stop 37 is one of the features of our invention, since it insures perfect action of the damper 35. The

pipe opens at the top into the large horizontal pipe 38, which leads to the chimney (not shown) in one direction and to the register 39 in the floor 10 in the other direction. The damper 41 is located in the pipe 38, intermediate of the pipe 33 and the register 39, and may be operated in any suitable manner. By making the pipe 38 larger than the pipe the cold air accessible to the register 39 is drawn into said pipe when the damper 41 is open and carried to the chimney with the hot smoke and gases coming from the furnace. Hence a more complete circulation through the building is possible. An additional advantage of the pipe 38, which should be con.- siderably larger than the flues leading from the furnace, lies in the fact that said pipe permits a current of air to enter the chimney of sufficient volume to relieve said fines and the fire from a draft more than requisite to carry OK the smoke and gases. Hence an economy in fuel ensues. When starting up thefurnace in the morning it is necessary to close the damper 41; but said damper can be left open the greater part of the time, day and night, without interfering in any way with the chimney-draft or causing smoke to pass through the register 39.

It will be readily understood that the convex surfaces of the shell A and the radiator O with internal fines not only afford a superior radiating medium, but an exceedingly strong one as well, and to still further increase the heat-eliminating capacity of this furnace the radial wings 42 are used. The eight wings 42 are integral with the sections 4, 5, and (5 and the lower half of the radiator C and extend outward to withina short distance of the casing B. More or less than eight wings may, of course, beemployed. The life of the shell A is prolonged by the wings 42, since they take up such a large percentage of heat, thereby relieving said shell.

The defiector-plate 7 retains much of the heat in the furnace proper, thereby causing it to pass out through the sides, while the energy of the heat that does pass through the deflector-opening 8 is increased by being thus confined. The reverse-plates 10 cause the heat which enters the radiator C through the plate 7 to circulate around all sides of the pipes 0 before escaping through either the pipe 32 01134, and this is done for the purpose of more thoroughly heating the air which passes upward between the shell A and the casing B, through said pipes 9, on its way to the rooms above me the fines 1 1. The plates 7 and 10 should generally be removed when soft coal is used for fuel in this furnace.

\Vith the increased heating capacity of our furnace it is rarely necessary to open the damper 35 in the direct-draft pipe 32 except for a short time in the morning, the indirect draft through the pipe 34.- being sufficient most of the time.

It is obvious that the height of the wings 42 may vary, since they need not extend above the section 6, or, on the other hand, they may be carried over the radiator O.

Any suitable means other than those shown and described may be utilized in rendering the deflector-plate 7 and the reverse-plates 10 detachable.

\Vhat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination in afurnaee, of a feedbox, and the false bottom 16 in said box ar ranged to form a horizontal flue communicating with the outside and inside of the furnace, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination in a furnace, of the cylindrical sections 1 and 5 and the dome-shaped section 6 forming a shell, and the superiuu posed oval radiator 0 provided with the vertical air-pipes 9 having rounded corners, said pipes opening above and below said radiator outside of said shell, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination in a furnace, of the cylindrical sections 4 and 5 and the dome-shaped section 6 forming a shell, and the perforated deflector-plate 7 detachably supported at the top of said section 6, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. The combination in a furnace,of the large pipe 38, the pipe 33 leading downward from said pipe 38, the horizontal direct-draft pipe 32 connecting said pipe with the radiator, and the vertical indirect-draft pipe 34 connecting the base of said pipe 33 with said radiator below said pipe 32, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination in a furnace,of the large pipe 38 opening at one end into the chimney and at the other end through the floor above, the damper 41 in said pipe, the pipe 33 leading downward from said pipe 38, the horizontal direct-draft pipe 32 connecting said pipe 33 with the radiator, the damper 35 in said direct-draft pipe, and the vertical indirectdraft pipe 34 connecting the base of said pipe 33 with said radiator below said pipe 32, substantially as and for the purpose set forth;

6. The combination in a furnace, of a base and air-pipes supported thereby opening into the space between the feed and ash,boxes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination inafurnace, of an oval radiator having fiues extending through the same, and reverse-plates attached within said radiator at the back and sides between said flues, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. The combination in a furnace, of a shell constructed of cylindrical and dome-shaped sections provided with a perforated deflectorplate at the top, an oval radiator having fiues extending through the same mounted on said shell, and reverse-plates attached on the inside of said radiator at the back and sides between said flues, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination in a furnace, of a perforated deflector-plate suspended over the center thereof between the shell and radiator, and reverse-plates attached on the inside of said radiator at the back and sides between the fines therein, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination in a furnace, of a radiator having vertical flues extending through the same, reverse-plates attached within said radiator on the back and sides between said lines, and direct and indirect fiues opening into thev rear of said radiator, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE W. BENNETT. HORATIO S. BENNETT. Witnesses:

HARRY P. BAILEY, F. A. CUTTER. 

